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Saturday, 4 June 2011

patiala city history

Patiala a Royal city, the land of Maharajas is famous for its ‘peg’, ‘pagri’, ‘dresses’, ‘jutti’, ‘Patiala sahi salwar’, Reshmi naale , Food like ‘Makki de roti’ and ‘Saraason da saag’, folk songs , dances like Gidha and Bhangra , its traditions and culture.
In 1714 A.D Baba Ala Singh assumed its leadership. Patiala formerly known as ‘Ala De Patti’ because Baba Ala Singh was the founder of this place. In 1763 Baba Ala Singh laid the foundation of “Quila Mubarak”. The city is built around the Qila Mubarak . The area of district Patiala is known as “Malwa”.
“Maharaja Bhupindra” Singh (1900-1930) had given Patiala a prominent place in politics and in the field of sports. Big architectural designs were constructed during his time. “Yadwindra Singh” son of Maharaja Bhupindra Singh, came towards the front to sign the instrument of accession Hindus of Sirhind settle first at Patiala. They opened their business outside the”Darshni Gate”. The lower cast got place in Patiala city known as “Chur Majris”. The other localities were of Dancing Girls. Dharampura Bazar abundant by ruling Elite. Under the rule of Maharaja Narender Singh (1845-1862) has given embarkation round a fortified place and ten gates around Patiala were constructed.
Now a days some of the gates have been destroyed to make easy flow of traffic. Inside these walls there are mandis and markets of the cost suitable for purchasing of luxury and traditional goods. Patiala is in forefront from the education. In the country, it was the first town who have degree college that is the ”Mohindra college” (1870). Patiala gharana is one of the most prominent gharanas of vocal Hindustani Classical Music . It has the number of musicians, they came to Patiala after after the brake up into pieces of Mughal court at delhi in 18th century. “Ustad Ali Baksh”, his son “Ustad Akhtar Hussain” Khan and “Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan” got worldwide fame and glory. It continues through the north zone culture center, settle on permanent basis at Patiala.
The Main Architectural of Patiala
The main architectural of Patiala are Quila Mubarak, Moti Bagh Palace, Sheesh Mahal and Museum Bahadurgarh Fort, Baradari Gardens, Government Mahindra College and Gurudawara Dukh Niwaran Sahib. The Quila Mubarak was first made up of mud was known as ”Mud Fort” or “Kachi Garhi”. Then Baba Ala Singh made the “Pacca Quila”. It is on the “Grand Trunk Road”. Its interiors and Quila and rooms was built by Baba Ala Singh. Now Quila is separated into two parts. “Moti Bagh Palace” is also a great architectural place was constructed in 1847 by ”Maharaja Narendara Singh”. It was cost of 5 lakhs on that time as Swai Jai Singh of Jaipur Mahraja Narendara Singh was also a great builder. Its designing is as like as “Shalimar Gardens” of Lahor with beautiful gardens, water channels, terraces and ”Sheesh Mahal”. It has a rope bridge which is known as ”Lakshman Jhula”. Sheesh Mahal was constructed by Maharaja Narendara Singh. He was a lover of music , Literature and Fine Arts. The walls of Sheesh Mahal were painted by painters from Kangla and Rajasthan invited by Maharaja Narenadra Singh.
The vision in poetry of Keshav, Bihari, and Surdas, and colours were depicted in their work. Fine object of Tibetan art particularly carvings of Punjab, sculpture of different kinds of metals, royal wooden carved furniture and large number of Kashmiri and Burmese objects are exhibited there.
Baradari Gardens
“Baradari Gardens” are situated in the north of old Patiala city, opposite “Sheranwala Gate”. Its built around “Baradari Palace” as a residence for the crown prince “Rajinder Singh”. He was a great lover of nature. There are all kinds of rare trees , huge fruit trees, the rock garden and the fern house. This palace is now Punjab state archives
Patiala About this sound pronunciation (help·info) (Punjabi: ਪਟਿਆਲਾ) is a city in the Punjab state of India. Patiala district is one of the erstwhile princely cities of Punjab. Located in the south-eastern part of the state, 65 km from the state capital of Chandigarh, it lies between 29°49’ and 30°47’ north latitude, 75°58’ and 76°54' east longitude.
Patiala means Pati (land) of Baba Ala Singh, who founded the State of Patiala.
It is the administrative headquarters of Patiala District, and was the capital of the premier princely state in the former Punjab Province of British India, headed by the Sidhu dynasty. Patiala is famous for being the home of Patiala Gharana of Hindustani classical music and for its turban (traditional headgear), paranda (tasselled tag for braiding hair), peg (Patiala Peg - a double or large peg of whiskey), and Jutti (traditional Punjabi footwear) and "patialashahi" salwaar.Famous Punjabi singer Pammi Bai has sung a song on the famous Patialashahi turban.
Capt. His Highness Maharajadhiraj Amarinder Singh is the current Maharaja of Patiala.
Any serving of alcohol which is double than the normal serving, or unusually large, is referred to as the Patiala Peg. This term is understood in most parts of India. There are multiple stories behind this epithet, most related to the opulent and hedonistic lifestyle of one of the maharajas of Patiala - Maharaja Bhupinder Singh, who was a heavy drinker.
Patiala is home town of many eminent personalities like cricketers Navjot Sidhu, Mohinder Amarnath, Reetinder Sodhi, Bollywood Stars Jimmy Shergill, Om Puri, Punjabi Singer Harbhajan Mann, Jet Airways Chairman Naresh Goyal & Sq Ldr Rakesh Sharma, the first Indian in space.

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[edit] Geography

Patiala is located at 30.33°N 76.4°E.[3] It has an average elevation of 250 metres (820 feet). During short existence of PEPSU, Patiala served as it capital city.Patiala is also famous as the city of newspapers and 2nd media hub of Punjab state of India. Central place of media, Press Club Patiala is situated at Baradari garden near 20 no railway crossing headed by Mr. Parveen Komal President.

[edit] History

Main article: Patiala State
Maharaja Bhupinder Singh of Patiala
In 1752, a General of Ala Singh, Sardar Gurbaksh Singh Kaleka won possession of eighty-four villages, one of which was Patiala. The Afghan Ahmad Shah Abdali conferred the title of Maharajah on Ala Singh during the formers eighth invasion between 1764 & 1765. The territory of Patiala continued to grow right up to the death of Maharajah Ala Singh on August 22nd 1765. He was succeeded by his only legitimate son, Amar Singh.[4] The history of Patiala state starts off with the ancestor of the Sikh Patiala Royal House, Mohan Singh being harassed by neighbouring Bhullars and Dhaliwals (tappedars of the terrirtory). They would not allow Mohan to settle there. He was a follower of Guru Hargobind and the Guru appealed on behalf of Mohan, but to no avail. The result was an armed struggle and the Bhullars and Dhaliwals were defeated by the Guru's men, which allowed Mohan to establish the Village of Meharaj in 1627.[5]
The Phuara Chowk (lit. the Fountain Crossing) is the central landmark of Patiala
Gates of Patiala Walled City
  • Darshani gate - Main entrance of Qila Mubarak
  • Lahouri gate
  • Nabha gate
  • Samana gate
  • Sirhindi gate
  • Sheranwala gate
  • Safabadi gate
  • Sunami gate
  • Top Khana Gate
Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala now houses the National Institute of Sports

[edit] Education

The first printing press of Patiala called "Munshi Nawal Kishore Printing Press" was established in 1870s. Since then Patiala has emerged as a center for Punjabi language. Punjab State Government 'languages department' is headquartered in Patiala city near 'Sheranwala Gate'.
Since Indian independence in 1947, Patiala has emerged as a major educational center in state of Punjab. The city houses the Punjabi University,[6] Thapar University,[7] Rajiv Gandhi National University of Law,[8] Mohindra College, Government Medical College, Patiala, Multani Mal Modi College, Government College for Girls, Bikram College of Commerce, Government College of Education, Government College of Physical Education, Khalsa College, Government Ayurvedic College and Yadavindra Public School. Netaji Subhash National Institute of Sports, Patiala is a sports hub of North India. Rajiv Gandhi National University Of Law, Patiala[9] was the first national law school of north region established under Punjab Government Act of 2006.
Patiala city has many playgrounds, including Polo Ground on Lower Mall Road; which houses an indoor stadium. Other sports facilities include Yadavindra Sports Stadium for athletics, Rink Hall for roller skating, and National Institute of Sports, Patiala. Punjabi University has its own sprawling sports grounds, including a velodrome.
Patiala is seat of many important administrative offices of Punjab state, including Punjab State Electricity Board, Punjab Public Service Commission, Punjab Pollution Control Board, Excise and Taxation Commissioner Office, Chief Engineer PWD (B & R), Punjab Languages Department, and State Bank of Patiala.
Higher education
Rajindra Kothi, Patiala located in the Baradari Gardens
File:Vmc.jpg
patiala is the best city
Reputed Schools
Computer Education
Other

[edit] Demographics

As of 2001 India census,[11] Patiala had a population of 1,854,686. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Patiala has an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 64.9%: male literacy is 79%, and female literacy is 73%. In Patiala, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.

[edit] Culture and traditions

Phulkari from Patiala
Patiala's sway over the Malwa area extended beyond merely political influence. Patiala was equally the set of religious and cultural life. Educationally, Patiala was in the forefront. Patiala was the first town in this part of the country to have Degree College - the Mohindra College - in 1870. The famous printing press of Munshi Nawal Kishore was also established here in the seventies of the 19th century. Patiala has had a culture of its own, evolving into a distinct "patialavi" culture. Patiala has also seen evolution of a distinct style of architecture. Borrowing from the Rajput style, its beauty and elegance are, however, moulded according to the local traditions.
Main article: Patiala Gharana
Phul Cinema on The Mall facing the Fountain Chowk is built in Art Deco style
With the active patronage of the erstwhile rules of Patiala, a well established style of Hindustani music called the "Patiala Gharana" came into existence and has held its own up to the present times. This school of music has had a number of famous musicians, many of whom came to Patiala after the disintegration of the Mughal Court at Delhi in the 18th century. At the turn of the century, Ustad Ali Bux was the most renowned exponent of this Gharana. Later his sons, Ustad Akhtar Hussain Khan and Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan achieved world wide fame and brought glory to the Patiala Gharana. This school of music continues to get the patronage of the State though the North Zone Culture Centre - NZCC - established at Patiala.
After partition of India, a lot of Bahawalpuri people migrated from Bahawalpur (Pakistan) and settled in Patiala. This Community has developed a vibrant, lively and happening colony known as Tripuri Town within Patiala. Most of the residents here in this colony speak their ancestral language "Bahawalpuri", which is similar to Pakistani language Multani.
Main article: North Zone Cultural Centre

[edit] District Administration

  • The brand new Mini Secretariat on Nabha Road, which houses all the major offices including that of the DC and the SSP, was completed in record time, owing to the initiative of the member of parliament of Patiala and local administration.
  • The Senior Superintendent of Police, an officer belonging to the Indian Police Service, is responsible for maintaining Law & Order and related issues in the district. He is assisted by the officers of the Punjab Police Service and other Punjab Police officials.
  • The Divisional Forest Officer, an officer belonging to the Indian Forest Service, is responsible for the management of the Forests, Environment and Wild-Life in the district. He is assisted by the officers of the Punjab Forest Service and other Punjab Forest officials and Punjab Wild-Life officials.
  • Sectoral development is looked after by the district head/officer of each development department such as PWD, Health, Education, Agriculture, Animal husbandry, etc. These officers are from various Punjab state services.
  • The Patiala Railways station is a historical place, with many big movies like Love Aaj Kal (Saif, Deepika) shot in Patiala.

[edit] Notable people

Mohindra College, Patiala at night

[edit] References

  1. ^ http://www.indianexpress.com/news/mayor-suggests-steps-to-make-chandigarh-wome/643661/
  2. ^ [1]
  3. ^ "Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Patiala".
  4. ^ http://www.esikhs.com/articles/punjab_state_maharajas_patiala.htm
  5. ^ A History of Sikh Misals - Dr Bhagat Singh
  6. ^ http://universitypunjabi.org
  7. ^ http://www.tiet.ac.in
  8. ^ a b http://www.rgnulpatiala.org
  9. ^ rgnulpatilala.org
  10. ^ a b http://vmcpatiala.com/
  11. ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16.
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